المسؤولية المدنية عن الأخطاء المترتبة على أعمال الروبوتات
This academic and legal position paper examines civil liability for errors and damages caused by robots and artificial intelligence systems under Bahraini civil law. It analyzes different jurisprudential approaches regarding the legal status of robots—ranging from treating them as things or animals to recognizing them as having a special legal nature or independent legal personality. Finally, the author proposes legislative recommendations, including mandatory insurance requirements, stricter regulations on robot manufacturing and use, and amendments to the Bahraini Civil Code to address AI-related liabilities.
Summary and content fields are drawn from the document text and are pending editorial review.
Who issued it
Who it governs
Legal scholars, lawmakers, and regulators interested in civil liability frameworks for artificial intelligence and robotics.
What the document contains
The document covers the legal nature of robots, theories of civil liability for operators and custodians, compensation mechanisms like black boxes, and legislative recommendations for Bahrain.
It does not provide binding legislation or enacted statutory rules, serving instead as an academic analysis and policy proposal.
- Robots and AI systems exhibit advanced interactive capabilities that challenge traditional legal classifications.
- Jurisprudence is divided on whether robots should be treated as persons, things, animals, or entities with a unique legal nature.
- Under current Bahraini civil law, robots can potentially be categorized under mechanical appliances that require special care, making the custodian liable for damages.
- The author recommends introducing mandatory insurance and specific legislative provisions to hold manufacturers and programmers jointly liable unless proven otherwise.
· أولاً: ماهية الروبوت؟ · ثانياً: المركز القانوني للروبوت وفق الاتجاهات الفقهية · ثالثاً: أساس مسؤولية مشغل الروبوت · رابعاً: طبيعة التعويض عن الأضرار · خامساً: التوصيات
How it scores
Each score is backed by a quote verified against the document text. Editorial review has not yet confirmed them.
Accountability
4/5Clear responsibility for AI outcomes
وﻓﻖ ﺳﯾﺎق ﻧص اﻟﻣﺎدة 175 اﻟﺗﻲ ﺳﯾﺗﺣﻣل ﺣﺎرﺳﮭﺎ، ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل ﺗرﻛﮭﺎ دون رﻗﺎﺑﺔ، اﻟﻣﺳؤوﻟﯾﺔ ﻻ ﯾﺧﻔﻰ اﻟﻧﺎﺷﺋﺔ ﻋن اﻻﺿرار اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺳﺑﺑﮭﺎ ﻟﻠﻐﯾر
ﺛﺎﻧﯾﺎً: ﮭﯾﺔاﻟﻣرﻛز اﻟﻘﺎﻧوﻧﻲ ﻟﻠروﺑوت
screening score · 2026-10-23
Fairness
0/5Non-discrimination and equitable treatment
screening score · 2026-10-23
Human Dignity
0/5Respect for the inherent worth of persons
screening score · 2026-10-23
Human Oversight
2/5Humans remain in control of consequential decisions
ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل ﺗرﻛﮭﺎ دون رﻗﺎﺑﺔ، اﻟﻣﺳؤوﻟﯾﺔ ﻻ ﯾﺧﻔﻰ اﻟﻧﺎﺷﺋﺔ ﻋن اﻻﺿرار
ﺛﺎﻧﯾﺎً: ﮭﯾﺔاﻟﻣرﻛز اﻟﻘﺎﻧوﻧﻲ ﻟﻠروﺑوت
screening score · 2026-10-23
Privacy
0/5Protection of personal data and private life
screening score · 2026-10-23