Interim Report
This interim report by Japan's AI Strategic Council and AI Institutional Study Group outlines recommendations for developing a flexible AI legal and policy framework. It emphasizes balancing innovation promotion with risk mitigation, utilizing soft laws alongside targeted legislation, ensuring international interoperability, and strengthening the government's strategic leadership. The report also addresses AI safety evaluations, transparency across the AI lifecycle, government procurement, and national security.
Summary and content fields are drawn from the document text and are pending editorial review.
Who issued it
Who it governs
Policymakers, regulators, researchers, and business operators seeking to understand Japan's emerging strategic direction on AI governance and legal frameworks.
What the document contains
The document covers the strategic direction for Japan's AI legal and institutional framework, defining key actors, analyzing international trends (such as the EU AI Act and US Executive Orders), addressing innovation support and risk mitigation, and proposing specific policy measures regarding government leadership, safety evaluations, public procurement, and national security.
The text does not provide finalized statutory text, specific enforcement penalties, or detailed technical specifications for safety evaluations.
- Japan should balance AI innovation with risk mitigation to become the friendliest country for developing and implementing AI.
- Regulatory approaches should primarily rely on a combination of existing laws and flexible soft laws, limiting new binding legislation to necessary areas.
- The government's strategic leadership function should be strengthened through a consolidated board and national strategy.
- Transparency and appropriateness across the AI lifecycle must be ensured via stakeholder information sharing, voluntary certifications, and government surveys.
- International consistency and interoperability, guided by the spirit of the Hiroshima AI Process, are essential for global market access.
Contents Overview I. Preface II. Basic approach to legal systems 1. Recent developments in AI 2. Related actors 3. Promotion of innovation while mitigating risks 4. Promoting international cooperation III. Direction of specific legal systems and policies 1. Overall items 2. Use by the government 3. Matters related to life and body safety, systemic risks and national security IV. Conclusion
How it scores
Each score is backed by a quote verified against the document text. Editorial review has not yet confirmed them.
Accountability
3/5Clear responsibility for AI outcomes
To appropriately mitigate risks, in addition to clarifying the roles of each entity such as developers and providers in accordance with the guidelines, it is necessary to clarify responsibilities.
II. Basic approach to legal systems, 3. Promotion of innovation while mitigating risks, (3) Mitigating risks
screening score · 2026-10-25
Fairness
2/5Non-discrimination and equitable treatment
The OECD established AI principle in 2019, which consists of inclusive growth, sustainable development and well-being, human-centered values and fairness
II. Basic approach to legal systems, 4. Promoting international cooperation, (1) Formation of AI governance
screening score · 2026-10-25
Human Oversight
1/5Humans remain in control of consequential decisions
This advanced AI has the potential to replace tasks traditionally performed by humans and even produce outcomes that surpass human achievements.
I. Preface
screening score · 2026-10-25
Transparency
4/5Openness about how AI systems work and are used
the Act has established regulations imposing obligations of the transparency including creation of technological documents and disclosure of training data on providers of the general -purpose AI
I. Preface
screening score · 2026-10-25
Enforcement
2/5Consequences and compliance mechanisms with real force
If there is any penalty provided in laws, public organizations can invoke some kind of coercive power
II. Basic approach to legal systems, 3. Promotion of innovation while mitigating risks, (2) Application of laws and making use of soft law
screening score · 2026-10-25
Impact Assessment
4/5Required assessment of an AI system's risks/impacts before or during use
imposing an obligation to conduct impact assessments and conformity assessments before putting a high-risk AI
I. Preface
screening score · 2026-10-25