Records

This academic article examines the compatibility and limitations of applying caregiving robots within the framework of traditional Chinese filial piety ethics. It analyzes how shallow, deep, and good care correspond to the concepts of supporting, pleasing, and respecting parents, while identifying practical challenges such as moral responsibility ambiguity and emotional illusions. Ultimately, the paper argues that caregiving robots should serve as assistants to help children fulfill their filial duties rather than replace them.

This academic chapter discusses the application of artificial intelligence and robots in education, highlighting the weakness of current ethical principles in collecting student data. It warns that large amounts of collected private data threaten individual privacy rights and violate laws in force. To address this, the authors suggest adopting the concept of sustainable ethics to balance theory and context and adapt the educational system to technological innovation.

This academic and legal report examines the current state, normative framework, and application of artificial intelligence technologies in the administration of justice and law enforcement in Russia. It reviews national practices in predictive policing, facial recognition systems like FindFace, ongoing discussions around predictive justice and electronic sentencing scales, and evidentiary rules. The document highlights the heavy reliance on AI in surveillance alongside a minimal level of specific legislative regulation.

This document outlines UNESCO's commitments and strategic framework for the AI for Africa Initiative, supporting the implementation of the African Union's Continental AI Strategy. It details actions across governance, workforce education, capacity building, and sustainable development to foster ethical and inclusive AI growth in Africa. Key efforts include expanding Readiness Assessment Methodologies, training civil servants and judicial actors, and launching talent incubators.

The AI Opportunities Action Plan, presented to Parliament by the UK Secretary of State for Science, Innovation and Technology in January 2025, sets out a national strategy to secure the UK's position as a global leader in artificial intelligence. It focuses on laying strong infrastructure foundations including compute and data access, driving broad-based AI adoption across the public and private sectors, and ensuring homegrown frontier AI capabilities. The plan outlines specific recommendations for talent acquisition, regulatory reform, public sector procurement, and the establishment of a new 'UK Sovereign AI' unit.

The Artificial Intelligence Development Strategy for Ukraine sets out key directions for implementing and developing artificial intelligence technologies to drive digital transformation through 2030. Adopted by the Ministry of Digital Transformation of Ukraine, it focuses on practical impact, sovereign and inclusive AI, and infrastructure and talent development. The strategy outlines tasks across infrastructure, research, public sector implementation, education, entrepreneurship, and ethical frameworks.

This report examines the state of readiness of health systems across the WHO European Region to adopt and integrate artificial intelligence. It evaluates current infrastructural, regulatory, and organizational capacities necessary for implementing AI technologies in healthcare settings. The publication provides insights to help member states prepare for the safe and effective use of AI in medicine.

This Readiness Assessment Report evaluates Cambodia's institutional, legal, social, educational, and technical preparedness for adopting artificial intelligence ethically and responsibly in alignment with UNESCO's Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence. It diagnoses existing gaps across policy dimensions, highlights local innovations like Khmer translation and text-to-speech tools, and provides actionable recommendations to establish a national AI strategy, multistakeholder governance, and ethical frameworks. The assessment was conducted collaboratively by the Cambodian Ministry of Post and Telecommunications, the Cambodia Academy of Digital Technology, and UNESCO.

This strategy outlines Services Australia's approach to responsibly integrating automation and artificial intelligence from 2025 to 2027 to improve government service delivery. It sets out six core priorities focusing on building trust, human-led initiatives, governance frameworks, contemporary legislation, workforce capability, and modular systems. The document commits the agency to human-centred design, transparency, and alignment with whole-of-government frameworks such as Australia's AI Ethics Principles.

This white paper examines China's strategic approach to AI-powered industry transformation, detailing the interplay of national policies, adaptive regulations, and ecosystem enablers such as infrastructure, data, and talent. It highlights real-world adoption and use cases across key sectors including manufacturing, automotive, retail, healthcare, finance, and renewable energy. Furthermore, the report outlines existing challenges such as computing fragmentation, data silos, and talent shortages that must be addressed to achieve scalable impact.

The Brazilian Artificial Intelligence Plan (PBIA) outlines a national strategy to position Brazil at the forefront of responsible AI development and application. Foreseeing investments of R$ 23 billion through 2028, the plan focuses on five structuring axes: infrastructure and AI development, diffusion and training, public service improvement, business innovation, and regulatory support. It emphasizes national technological sovereignty, human-centered values, and leveraging Brazil's clean energy matrix to solve pressing social and economic challenges.

This case study examines Pakistan's progress, strategies, and challenges in building a robust digital ecosystem and adopting artificial intelligence across multiple sectors. It highlights key national policies, research initiatives, infrastructure developments, and capacity-building programmes aimed at integrating AI into the economy. The document also details ongoing hurdles, including data availability, ethical concerns, and the need for a comprehensive national AI framework.

This document outlines Egypt's Second Edition of the National Artificial Intelligence Strategy (2025-2030), building upon the first edition launched in May 2021. It establishes a comprehensive roadmap centered around six pillars: governance, technology, data, infrastructure, ecosystem, and talent. The strategy aims to position Egypt as a regional leader in AI across the Middle East and Africa by fostering inclusive AI, developing native Arabic language models, and promoting safe and ethical AI applications.

This article examines the emergence of robot-assisted surgery in India and the associated legal, ethical, and public policy challenges. It reviews existing regulatory mechanisms such as the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 and Medical Device Rules, 2017, while highlighting issues of informed consent, product liability, and device malfunctions. Finally, it looks at international perspectives from the US and EU to recommend comprehensive legal reforms for India's healthcare sector.

This document highlights the emerging risks associated with embodied artificial intelligence and calls for urgent policy intervention. It discusses the safety, security, and systemic challenges posed by AI systems integrated into physical hardware and robotic platforms. The text outlines the need for proactive governance to address these physical-world AI risks.

This report summarizes the inputs gathered during public consultations and from an AI Strategy Task Force regarding Canada's next artificial intelligence strategy. It details perspectives from over 11,300 respondents and 32 task force reports concerning areas like research, commercialization, infrastructure, and safe AI systems. The feedback highlights the need for balanced approaches that drive innovation while maintaining data sovereignty and ethical safeguards.

This academic paper investigates how ethical principles can be incorporated into the design of artificial intelligence-integrated medical robots from the outset through an 'ethics by design' approach. It analyzes the regulatory framework, identifies recurring ethical dilemmas such as algorithmic transparency, privacy, and meaningful human control, and proposes a conceptual model integrating ethics into the technological process. Ultimately, the paper highlights the need for systematic ethical infrastructure, multidisciplinary collaboration, and unified standards for responsible development in medical AI robotics.

This academic paper proposes a conceptual framework for Ethical Social Robot Moderators (ESRMs) to manage urban traffic, integrating connected and automated vehicles with vulnerable road users. It introduces a multi-objective utility function and an ethical decision-making module that incorporates ethical pre-crash calculations and transparency mechanisms. Furthermore, simulation scenarios and evaluation metrics are outlined to test the approach in the CARLA environment.

This research paper investigates the use of large language models and vision-language models to interpret unconstrained natural language instructions in human-robot interaction scenarios. The authors evaluate three classification approaches—a traditional neural network, text-only GPT-4, and multimodal GPT-4 Vision—using a newly constructed dataset called SCOUT++. The findings highlight both the potential and limitations of foundation models for grounding language in visual context within safety-critical robotics settings.

This conference paper reports on the design, implementation, and assessment of an interdisciplinary summer camp for high school students focusing on AI, robotics, and ethics at the University of Central Arkansas in 2025. Participants engaged in assembling and programming autonomous robot cars while studying ethical theories and analyzing ethical dilemmas related to technology. Pre- and post-camp assessments demonstrated statistically significant improvements in both engineering and ethics knowledge for participating students.

This ISO policy brief explores the critical role that international standards play in supporting responsible AI development, deployment, and governance across the complete AI lifecycle. It examines the global policy context, highlights both the opportunities and risks associated with artificial intelligence, and advocates for a socio-technical approach to standards development. Finally, the brief provides concrete recommendations for policymakers, standards bodies, industry stakeholders, and civil society to foster trust, interoperability, and ethical alignment.

This report presents the Artificial Intelligence Readiness Assessment for Kenya, conducted by UNESCO in collaboration with Research ICT Africa and national stakeholders. It diagnoses the country's landscape across legal, social, scientific, economic, and infrastructural dimensions based on UNESCO's Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence. Finally, it outlines multi-stakeholder consultations and provides concrete policy recommendations for building an ethical, inclusive, and responsible AI ecosystem.

This document outlines Kenya's National Artificial Intelligence Strategy for 2025–2030, aiming to position the country as an African leader in AI research, development, innovation, and commercialization. It establishes a comprehensive framework structured around three pillars—AI Digital Infrastructure, Data, and AI Research and Innovation—alongside foundational enablers like governance, talent development, investment, and ethics. Developed through extensive stakeholder engagement, the strategy addresses critical national challenges, prioritizes key sectors such as agriculture and healthcare, and proposes actionable objectives and flagship projects to drive sustainable and inclusive economic growth.

This academic paper examines the legal and liability frameworks surrounding robotic surgery, addressing the allocation of responsibility among surgeons, medical institutions, and robotic system manufacturers. It discusses gaps in traditional medical malpractice laws when applied to advanced surgical technologies, highlights real-world case studies involving robotic system malfunctions and informed consent issues, and proposes legal reforms and updated guidelines to protect patient rights and clarify accountability.

The National Artificial Intelligence (AI) Action Plan 2030 outlines Malaysia's preliminary framework to become an AI Nation by 2030. It focuses on economic and societal impact sectors, foundational enablers like talent and infrastructure, and responsible governance. Currently in draft form for public consultation, the plan details catalytic initiatives and targeted outcomes across government, economy, and society.

This document outlines the recruitment, selection policy, and R&D guidelines for Moonshot Goal 3, focusing on the realization of general-purpose autonomous humanoid AI robots by 2050. It details three research categories: Integrated Research, Specialized Research, and Elemental Research, along with their budgets, timelines, and 2030 targets. Additionally, it highlights requirements for project structures, task verification methods, portfolio management, and industry-academia-government collaboration.

The National AI Plan is a whole-of-government framework designed to capture economic and social opportunities from artificial intelligence, spread benefits across the economy, and keep Australians safe. It outlines nine key actions addressing infrastructure investments, local AI capabilities, data center principles, workforce skills, public service delivery, and the establishment of an AI Safety Institute. Grounded in principles of fairness, inclusion, and opportunity, the plan coordinates actions across industry, unions, research, and government.

The National Artificial Intelligence Strategy, currently in its second edition for 2025-2030, sets out Egypt's long-term roadmap for building a trusted and competitive AI ecosystem. It outlines a vision to enhance government efficiency and drive economic growth through six integrated pillars: governance, data, infrastructure, technology, talent, and ecosystem. The strategy is overseen by the National Council for Artificial Intelligence under the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology.

This academic and policy position paper analyzes the current state of artificial intelligence law in Vietnam, examining international experiences and national socio-economic contexts. It outlines key requirements for improving Vietnam's legal framework regarding AI, including promoting human-centric and responsible AI, protecting fundamental rights and data privacy, establishing clear legal liabilities, and prohibiting certain high-risk AI practices. Finally, the paper recommends institutionalizing party policies, enacting targeted legislation, and implementing a regulatory sandbox mechanism to support innovation.

This OECD country note summarizes Finland's progress in implementing the European Union Coordinated Plan on Artificial Intelligence. It details national strategic roadmaps, investments in cloud and supercomputing infrastructure, applied AI research initiatives, talent development, and AI integration across various priority sectors like healthcare, public administration, and mobility. The document highlights key public funding programs, public-private partnerships, and strategic efforts aimed at accelerating AI-driven innovation and adoption.

This OECD country note outlines France's progress in implementing the European Union Coordinated Plan on Artificial Intelligence in 2024. It details France's national AI strategy phases, investments under France 2030, compute and cloud infrastructure initiatives, talent development, and sector-specific adoption efforts. The report highlights strategic priorities including trustworthy AI, frugal AI, generative AI, and environmental sustainability.

This OECD country note summarizes Latvia's progress in implementing the European Union Coordinated Plan on Artificial Intelligence. It outlines national initiatives regarding data governance, research and innovation, skills development, public sector AI deployment, and sector-specific applications. The report highlights both achievements, such as the establishment of the Latvian Artificial Intelligence Center, and ongoing challenges like outdated national strategies.

This OECD country note summarizes Luxembourg's progress in implementing the European Union Coordinated Plan on Artificial Intelligence. It details Luxembourg's national AI strategy, high-performance computing investments, talent development initiatives, support for AI start-ups, and AI applications in key sectors such as healthcare and agriculture. The document serves as an evaluation and stocktaking of national AI policy implementation.

This OECD country note outlines Poland's progress in implementing the European Union Coordinated Plan on Artificial Intelligence in 2024 and early 2025. It details national strategies, substantial investments in cloud and computing infrastructure, research initiatives like the PLLuM language model, and various sector-specific AI applications. The document also highlights institutional governance arrangements, such as the creation of a new AI Council and proposed Supervisory Commission for Artificial Intelligence.

This research paper examines the application potential, current practices, and challenges of integrating humanoid robots into tertiary-level tax law course teaching. It outlines application scenarios such as knowledge explanation, case simulation, and interactive Q&A, while addressing key hurdles like technological limitations, high costs, and privacy risks. Finally, it proposes countermeasures including tiered promotion strategies, a human-machine collaboration teaching model, and ethical norms.

This academic paper examines the integration of mobile robots in retail and public environments in Denmark, contrasting top-down ethical regulations with a bottom-up approach to responsible innovation. Drawing from a case study and ethnographic pilot research, the authors suggest that responsible innovation can be achieved through practical cultural learning, habituation, and gradual scaling of robotic interactive capacities rather than relying solely on pre-set values and standards. Ultimately, the paper proposes viewing robots as everyday technologies that society organically adapts to through routine interactions.

This global report by the International Labour Organization explores the intersection of digitalization, artificial intelligence, and occupational safety and health (OSH) at work. It examines the opportunities and risks associated with emerging technologies such as automation, robotics, smart monitoring systems, and algorithmic management across various sectors. Furthermore, the report details global, regional, and national policy responses, regulatory gaps, and workplace-level strategies for fostering safe and healthy digitalized work environments.

This global report by the International Labour Organization examines how automation, artificial intelligence, and digitalization are transforming occupational safety and health at work. It highlights both opportunities to reduce hazardous exposures and improve working conditions, as well as emerging physical, organizational, and psychosocial risks. The report also reviews global, regional, and national policy frameworks, regulatory gaps, and workplace-level strategies to ensure safe and inclusive digital transitions.

This academic article provides an overview of the technological development, social acceptance, and ethical challenges surrounding social and sexual robots. It analyzes recent technological advances in intimate robotics, including AI and sensor integration, and their impact on human-machine interaction. Furthermore, it examines societal attitudes, potential benefits in care and companionship, and the complex ethical, psychological, and legal dilemmas they present.

This study by the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights examines the human and peoples' rights implications of artificial intelligence, robotics, and emerging technologies in Africa. It presents a detailed problem statement, analyzes the relevant legal frameworks across regional treaties, and evaluates impacts on civil, political, socio-economic, and collective rights. Finally, it offers recommendations for developing a comprehensive governance framework grounded in African human rights standards.

This report presents Thailand's Artificial Intelligence Readiness Assessment Methodology (RAM) conducted in cooperation with UNESCO. It evaluates the national AI landscape across legal and regulatory, social and cultural, scientific and educational, economic, and technical and infrastructural dimensions. Furthermore, the report identifies critical gaps and offers actionable policy recommendations to guide Thailand toward ethical, inclusive, and sustainable AI development.

This report provides a scientific and technical analysis of the role of artificial intelligence in scientific research, examining how techniques like machine learning and generative AI transform every stage of the research process. It features deep dives into protein structure prediction, material discovery, and computational archaeology to illustrate practical applications and highlight challenges such as algorithmic bias and data quality. Acting as the scientific evidence base for the European Strategy for AI in Science, the document offers insights to help policymakers maximize research excellence while maintaining ethical standards.

The Islamic Republic of Iran submits its national views on UN General Assembly Resolution 79/239 regarding artificial intelligence in the military domain. The document emphasizes the sovereign prerogative of states in regulation, advocates for exclusively peaceful applications of AI, and warns against an expanding AI divide. Furthermore, it calls for legally binding arrangements and objects to subjective terminology such as 'responsible application' in favor of 'peaceful application'.

This academic paper studies how different combinations of product liability law and tort law affect a monopoly manufacturer's incentives to invest in R&D and autonomy levels for AI-based robots that may cause accidental harm. The authors assume robots operate in either an autonomous mode (subject to product liability) or a human-driven mode (subject to tort law), requiring precautions from both manufacturers and users. Their findings show that while various liability combinations achieve efficient care and maintenance, market distortions in output and autonomy depend on market size, and strict liability never dominates across the board.

This research paper examines the ethical and socio-technical questions surrounding the real-world deployment of wellbeing robots through community-centered workshops with under-represented groups. The authors analyze qualitative data to identify key themes regarding physical and emotional safety, cultural bias, data privacy, and the functional role of social robots. Ultimately, the paper provides a framework of four guiding questions that roboticists should address to align robot development with the public interest.

This document outlines the first draft of Iraq's National Artificial Intelligence Policy for 2025, prepared by the National AI Strategy Drafting Committee under the supervision of the Prime Minister's Office. It establishes a vision for Iraq to become a regional AI leader by building a smart, sustainable, safe, and innovative digital environment across the public and private sectors. The policy details six core action areas: capacity building, research and development, data and technological infrastructure, accelerating AI application in vital sectors, regional and international cooperation, and strengthening the overall AI ecosystem including ethical guidelines.

This academic article examines the relationship between robot/AI ethics and agile governance frameworks, specifically exploring how ethical questions regarding robots and AI intersect with governance structures like Japan's agile governance model and the European Union's Artificial Intelligence Act. The author discusses concepts such as 'unacceptable risk' categories, ethical frameworks for social robotics (particularly pet/companion robots), and reflective equilibrium as a tool for ethical judgment in technology governance. The paper argues that while ethics and governance differ in scope and methods, they share a common goal of fostering better societies and can inform one another.

This academic article examines the philosophical, legal, and ethical issues surrounding the integration of smart robots into society and the debate over potential robot rights. It analyzes three main approaches to the subject: the concept of an electronic person, the assignment of moral rights, and a socio-relational approach. The paper concludes that an interdisciplinary approach and a methodology for theoretically and empirically justifying robot rights and obligations are necessary as robotic roles expand.

This research report by the National Assembly Research Service (NARS) examines the intrinsic risks of artificial intelligence, focusing on data, technology, and users. It analyzes domestic and international legal frameworks in the US and the EU, including South Korea's proposed AI basic law and AI ethics guidelines. Finally, it outlines legislative and policy recommendations to address data, technical, and user risks.

This academic literature review examines the current applications, challenges, and ethical implications of artificial intelligence and robotics in healthcare. It analyzes advancements in medical imaging, surgical robotics, precision medicine, and social assistive robots while highlighting persistent challenges such as data privacy, algorithm transparency, and the need for professional training. The paper concludes that while these technologies have transformative potential to enhance healthcare delivery, ongoing collaboration among stakeholders is crucial.